Comprehensive History

Umar bin Khattab, popularly known as Umar Farooq (the Distinguisher between truth and falsehood), was a companion (sahabi) and father-in-law of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) . He was the second Caliph of the  Rashidun Caliphate after Abu Bakr (RA). He ruled for ten years and is known as one of the best Muslim rulers due to the expansion of the Islamic State and his social security measures for the well-being of people. He is included in Michael Hart’s famous book The 100 which is about the 100 greatest personalities of human history.  Life Before Islam Umar was born in Makkah in 579 AD to the Banu Adi clan of Quraysh. The names of his father and mother were Khattab bin Nufayl and Hantama bint Hisham respectively . He was among the few literate people of Makkah who could read and write. He was tall and well-built and also was a good wrestler and athlete. Like many other people of Quraysh, he became a merchant during his early life. He was a strict opponent of Islam before his con

Abu Bakr (RA) was a companion and father-in-law of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He was also the first Caliph in Rashidun Caliphate. His real name was Abdullah bin Abu Quhafah. His popular name, Abu Bakr (father of a young camel), was due to his love for young camels during childhood. He was a close friend of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) even before the arrival of Islam and among the first ones to embrace Islam. Muslims regard him as the grand companion among the companions (Sahaba) of the Prophet (PBUH). Early Life Abu Bakr (RA) was born around 573 AD in Makkah (Saudi Arabia) in the clan of Banu Taym (Quraysh tribe). Usman Abu Quhafah was the name of his father, while Salma bint Sakhar was his mother. During his teens, he adopted the occupation of a cloth merchant. He became a wealthy and prominent merchant after some time. Abu Bakr (RA) was among the few literate persons of Makkah. He was fond of poetry and Arab genealogy.  Even before Islam, he disliked alcohol drinking and idol

According to Muslim belief, Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) is the last prophet of Allah. He spent his whole life spreading the message of Allah. For this purpose, he strived hard and succeeded in spreading the light of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula. After his death, his companions and later Muslims spread Islam to far-flung areas of the world. His continuous struggle for a noble cause is a guide for the whole of humanity. Life Before Prophethood In 570 AD, Muhammad (PBUH) was born in Makkah . His father (Abdullah) died before his birth, and he lost his mother (Aamna) when he was just six years old. Later, he was brought up by his grandfather (Abdul Muttalib) and uncle (Abu Talib). At a younger age, he started the occupation of trade . At 25 years of age, he married a pious and wealthy woman of Makkah, Khadijah (RA) , who was impressed with his honesty in business.  Life After Prophethood At the age of 40 years, Allah revealed the Holy Qur’an to the prophet while he

The 20 th Century started on 1 st January 1901 and ended on 31 st December 2000. This was the century of deadly world wars, cold war, rise of nationalism, destruction of empires, bloody revolutions, space technology, invention of computer, internet & nuclear weapons etc. World at the Start of 20 th Century In Europe, the British Empire was at the height of its power and became the largest empire in the history. Germany and Italy were two emerging superpowers after their unification in the last half of 19 th Century. Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire were declining and especially Ottomans lost many European territories before and in the beginning of 20 th Century. In Asia, the Japanese Empire was emerging and stretching its occupation around Japan. But most of the Asian and African areas were still under the control of Imperial nations. After achieving national unity and expansion, the United States was also emerging as a world power at the end of 19 th C